#FIB-RW-23000231Reading & Writing: Fill in the BlanksCore & AcademicMedium

Calories Consumption

Official Question Material
Prep: Varies

Whether people on a diet eat most of their calories at breakfast or at dinner has no effect on weight loss, but it does affect how hungry they are. Previous research on the importance [blank] calorie distribution across meals for weight loss has been mixed. Some studies have suggested that filling up at breakfast improves weight loss, while others have concluded that it doesn't make a difference, even if you skip breakfast altogether. Settling questions like this [blank] difficult because most nutrition research is observational and often relies on people's own reports of what they consumed and when, which can be unreliable. To get a clearer picture, Alexandra Johnstone [blank] the University of Aberdeen in the UK and her colleagues recruited 30 adults who were overweight or obese and had no other underlying health conditions. By the end of the study, the researchers found that there was little difference [blank] how much weight participants lost when they ate more in the morning or the evening. That suggests calories are metabolized the same regardless [blank] when they are consumed, says Johnstone.

Sample Answer & Audio Transcript

Whether people on a diet eat most of their calories at breakfast or at dinner has no effect on weight loss, but it does affect how hungry they are. Previous research on the importance of calorie distribution across meals for weight loss has been mixed. Some studies have suggested that filling up at breakfast improves weight loss, while others have concluded that it doesn't make a difference, even if you skip breakfast altogether. Settling questions like this is difficult because most nutrition research is observational and often relies on people's own reports of what they consumed and when, which can be unreliable. To get a clearer picture, Alexandra Johnstone at the University of Aberdeen in the UK and her colleagues recruited 30 adults who were overweight or obese and had no other underlying health conditions. By the end of the study, the researchers found that there was little difference in how much weight participants lost when they ate more in the morning or the evening. That suggests calories are metabolized the same regardless of when they are consumed, says Johnstone.
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